An Analysis Social Media Media Essay

An Analysis Social Media Media Essay We have witnessed lots of changes in the communication field over the past few years. Different types of communication media have been emerging and making their way into the market and have made the communication needs of the customers cheaper owing to competition. Internet is one of those things that contributed to the revolutionary changes in the recent times. There have been many changes and different stages of evolution in the said field even with the use of internet. Different methods and technologies have been evolving to use the internet in a better way. Social networking is one of those that have and have been making the internet exciting by the day. The latest buzz Social Networking added to make users more interactive with their friends (Ivanauskas, 2009). Social Networking sites like Facebook, Orkut, MySpace, and Twitter are already in to the market and making their presence felt by having lot of members join their networks and communicate with their friends and buddy list through their websites. The above mentioned social networking websites have bridged a lot of gap between friends who are priory difficult to stay in touch. They also have many users friendly and value added features such as sharing media and playing online games etc. The increasing demand for these websites meant the marketing companies have started focussing on these websites to attract the unique customer groups these websites represent. The latest buzz in marketing that reaches customer directly has been social networking. Aim: Main aim of this dissertation is to know how the social networking influences the current generation through the extensive utilisation of social networking for marketing purposes and evaluating the social networking sites as a medium of advertisement. Objectives: To study the effect of social networking websites on the current generation. Researching latest marketing strategies of business by using Internet Technologies including social networking sites Conducting a consumer survey about the usefulness and effectiveness of advertisements in social media networks. Context: First online community created was SixDegrees.com in the year 1997. And it used allow users to create their own profile and make them available to their friend by adding to their friends list (Adrian, 2008). The first ever social networking website however did not stand the tide of time and was closed due to reasons which are out of scope of this dissertation. The time spent by the netizens on the social networking sites is increasing by the day and the recent studies only go on to show the same. The community websites hold major part of Internet traffic and it increased 230% since from 2007 (Diana, 2010). The time spent on the internet increased by around 65% by the users in UK from 2007 to 2010 (Burrows, 2010). The statistics also show that the average age of the users of the social networking sites is predominantly low like in the 20 to 30 and 30 to 40 groups due to various reasons. (Michael, 2008) The projections also indicate a billion users for the social networking sites by the end of 2012. The increasing strength of these websites makes the marketing departments rethink their marketing strategies. After going through lots of articles and statistics related to online communities, it has been observed that the latest market trend was revolving around these networking sites and making most of this to their business advantage. Acknowledging the fact that teenagers do spend a lot of time online, it would be interesting to take advantage of this new trend and utilize it for the classroom more specific to the teaching and learning process. (Pingdom, 2010) Experts predict that between 2007 and 2011, U.S. ad spending on social networks will grow 180% from $900 million to $2.5 billion, as illustrated below in Figure II, which is attributable to increased revenue projections of the popular social networking site Facebook and increased spending on niche social networks (Zarina, 2009). It is indeed surprising to observe the share of internet marketing in the youth related companies. Modern marketing companies started making tools to make use of this trend and the same can be observed by studying these websites. In fact many companies adopted marketing in social networking websites as their major outlet of advertising and publicity. (RedBridge, 2008; MLC, 2008) The companies are also undergoing a major change technologically like adopting technologies such as web 2.0 to use the marketing space and opportunity in the modern websites such as Facebook, twitter etc which are mentioned above. According to Bakardjieva (2004), technologies of communication media were instrumental factors in building up successful communities that exists today. The increasing demand for the online communities and social networking websites is making new companies enter the arena. The investments of major IT companies in the already existing social networking websites (Google invested $900 million in MySpace and Microsoft $240 millions in Facebook) goes on to show the obvious which is the potential of these sites for the future (Ivanauskas, 2009). The investment is looked upon not as a business opportunity but rather as a marketing venue for these big companies to promote their already existing products. Companies on the other hand besides grabbing big opportunities such as above also are not missing out on being on the user side of these websites and being part of the plan when it comes to their target population. Almost everyone these days seem to have their presence in almost all the social networking sites which are most common in those respective regions. An account in Facebook, MySpace and Twitter seem to be the most common thing to most companies to reach out to customers on a direct basis. The customers are rising their doubts and the interaction is what is making the use of these websites so unique compared to other marketing strategies (Grunert, 2009). The above unique facts about the social networking and the new trends of marketing that are starting to spread making use of the same made the choice easier. It was decided that the area has lot of scope for research. Literature Review: According to Linda Peters (1998), the Web presents a fundamentally different environment both as a medium and as a market from traditional communication channels perspective. Itcreates the Marketspace a virtual realm where products and services exist as digital information and can be delivered through information-based channels (Rayport and Svikola, 1994). The companies and consumers quickly adopted the new concept of the new interactive world for their own benefits. These interactive channels allowed companies to reach new markets or have a grater influence in the existing oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s (i.e. example media companies transferred their news papers in order reach new audiences) and the consumers had an opportunity to save time and money by communicating, looking for information or buying product and services online. The concept of interactivity has been extensively researched in advertising and marketing literature and was summarized by Johnson (Johnson et al, 2006) According to Liu Shrum (2002) emergence of new media (Internet), brought new models of interactivity: user-to-user and user-to-message. Contemplating about user-to-user interactivity Ha and James (1998) suggested that the more communication in a computer-mediated environment resembles interpersonal communication, the more interactive the communication isà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬-. Steuer (1992) defined users-to-message interaction as follows: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢the extent to which users can participate in modifying the form and content of a mediated environment in real timeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬-. Lee (2005) summarized the main components of online interactivity Commercial online services and the introduction of the Web have created the potential for a mass interactive dialogue between exchange parties (Peters, 1998). The world have witnessed the evolution of a universal interconnected network of audio, video, and electronic text communications that blurred the distinction between interpersonal and mass communication and between public and private communication (Neuman, 2003). The new market space changed the behavior of the people and the communication models. The shift is then from a one (firm)-to-many (consumers) model of communication to the many-to-many model where contribution to the medium and the message may come from both directions (Hoffman and Novak, 1996). Chaffey (Dave Chaffey et al., 2007) argues that such kind of communications allows mass customization and personalization and the messages send trough Internet can be targeted more effectively. Moreover, the Web is changing the traditional marketing communications concepts as t he consumers can go all the way from awareness to interest to desire to action (AIDA Framework), all within the same medium and within the same session (Economist, 2008a). Andrew L. Shapiro (1999) argues that the emergence of new, digital technologies signals ia a potentially radical shift of who is in control of information, experience and resources. One of the key features of the new electronic communication media is the ability of consumers to control both contact and content (Peters, 1998). Sohn and Lackenby (2002) suggest that individuals participation in social communication processes is the crucial factor for increasing the perceived interactivity of the Internet (citied in Stafford and Ronald, 2005). Moreover, according to Normann and Ramirez (1994) the consumers become co-producers, because the value is constantly created in interaction with many different players, including consumers, suppliers, employees and managers. As a result, marketers are losing control over the communication messages their trying to deliver to their consumers. According to Gatarski and Lundkvist (1998) when communication, in the meaning of sharing information, meets i nteractivity, it creates not simple massages but forms two-way conversations. These conversations can be applied in production as implementation of mutual ideas (consumers and producersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸) in order to create new enjoyable products or services. 2.1 Introduction to changing media and communications landscape The last century was a gold age for the media development. The new technologies as Telephone, Radio and Television have changed peopleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s lives forever. The new ways of communications have been successfully adopted and become a norm. The last decade of the century brought the new innovative technology Internet. As predicted by Newman (1991) Internet: Altered the meaning of geographic distance. Allowed the huge increase in the volume of communication. Provided the possibility of increasing the speed of communication. Provided opportunities for interactive communication. Allowed forms of communication that was previously separate to overlap and interconnect. Grieco and Holmes (1999) (citied in Combe et al, 2003) identifies three powerful features of Internet: 1. Disintermediation or the removal of brokers by allowing direct communication across spatial and sociometric distance; 2. Asynchronicyty of the removal of temporality as a barrier to communications; 3. Oculacy or the ability to communicate messages through images. According to Hermeking (2006) The global spread of modern technology, including information and communication technology (ICT), is commonly regarded both as an indicator of the postmodern era of globalization and as the very precondition for that era of intensive worldwide interactions of people and exchanges of goods, services, information, and capital. Hoffman (Hoffman et al., 1995) argues that the popularity of the WWW as a commercial medium (in contrast to other networks on the Internet) is due to its ability to facilitate global sharing of information and resources, and its potential to provide an efficient channel for advertising, marketing, and even direct distribution of certain goods and information services. In the recent years Internet witnessed amazing growth, according to Internet Consumption Report (Soumukil, 2008) the 21% (1,407,724,920) of the world population (6,676,120,288) are internet consumers. Most of them live in well developed regions as North America where internet penetration is as high as (73.1%), Australia (57.0%) and Europe (47.7%). Peters (1998) suggest that no other technological innovation has captured the imagination of users with the speed and impact of the Internet (Graph 1). According to Linda Peters (1998), the Web presents a fundamentally different environment both as a medium and as a market from traditional communication channels perspective. It creates the Marketspace a virtual realm where products and services exist as digital information and can be delivered through information-based channels (Rayport and Svikola, 1994). The companies and consumers quickly adopted the new concept of the new interactive world for their own benefits. These interactive channels allowed companies to reach new markets or have a grater influence in the existing oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s (i.e. example media companies transferred their news papers in order reach new audiences) and the consumers had an opportunity to save time and money by communicating, looking for information or buying product and services online. The concept of interactivity has been extensively researched in advertising and marketing literature and was summarized by Johnson (Johnson et al, 2006) (Appendix 1.1). According to Liu Shrum (2002) emergence of new media (Internet), brought new models of interactivity: user-to-user and user-to-message. Contemplating about user-to-user interactivity Ha and James (1998) suggested that the more communication in a computer-mediated environment resembles interpersonal communication, the more interactive the communication isà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬-. Steuer (1992) defined users-to-message interaction as follows: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢the extent to which users can participate in modifying the form and content of a mediated environment in real timeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬-. Lee (2005) summarized the main components of online interactivity (Table 1). Commercial online services and the introduction of the Web have created the potential for a mass interactive dialogue between exchange parties (Peters, 1998). The world have witnessed the evolution of a universal interconnected network of audio, video, and electronic text communications that blurred the distinction between interpersonal and mass communication and between public and private communication (Neuman, 2003). The new market space changed the behavior of the people and the communication models. The shift is then from a one (firm)-to-many (consumers) model of communication to the many-to-many model where contribution to the medium and the message may come from both directions (Hoffman and Novak, 1996). Chaffey (Dave Chaffey et al., 2007) argues that such kind of communications allows mass customization and personalization and the messages send trough Internet can be targeted more effectively. Moreover, the Web is changing the traditional marketing communications concepts as t he consumers can go all the way from awareness to interest to desire to action (AIDA Framework), all within the same medium and within the same session (Economist, 2008a). Peters (1998) suggests four main changes in communication model compare the new and old media: 1. Communication style tend to have little or no time lag between the giving, receiving and responding aspects of communication between the parties. 2. Social presence or perceived personalness, the feeling that communication exchanges are sociable, warm, personal, sensitive and active. 3. Control of contact Early research into the willingness of consumers to utilize technology in shopping behavior concludes that the ability to control the pace and presentation of product information has the strongest influence on willingness to engage in computer-mediated marketing activity (Carson et al., 1996). 4. Content The content can be customised either by users or by senders. Where users are able to control the content, or presentation, of the message it is said to be interactive. Andrew L. Shapiro (1999) argues that the emergence of new, digital technologies signals ia a potentially radical shift of who is in control of information, experience and resources. One of the key features of the new electronic communication media is the ability of consumers to control both contact and content (Peters, 1998). Sohn and Lackenby (2002) suggest that individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s participation in social communication processes is the crucial factor for increasing the perceived interactivity of the Internet (citied in Stafford and Ronald, 2005). Moreover, according to constantly created in interaction with many different players, including consumers, suppliers, employees and managers. As a result, marketers are losing control over the communication messages their trying to deliver to their consumers. According to Gatarski and Lundkvist (1998) when communication, in the meaning of sharing information, meets interactivity, it creates not simple massages but forms two-way conve rsations. These conversations can be applied in production as implementation of mutual ideas (consumerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s and producersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸) in order to create new enjoyable products or services. 2.2 Social media and Web 2.0 2.2.1 Social media The real power of people can be noticed in the new revolutionized media channel social media. According to Mayfield (2008) social media is best understood as a group of new kinds of online media, which share most or all of the following characteristics: Participation Engagement: social media encourages contributions and feedback from everyone who is interested. It blurs the line between media and audience. Openness: most social media services are open to feedback and participation. They encourage voting, comments and the sharing of information. There are rarely any barriers to accessing and making use of content password-protected content is frowned on. Conversation: whereas traditional media is about à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾broadcastà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸ (content transmitted or distributed to an audience) social media is better seen as a two-way conversation. Community: social media allows communities to form quickly and communicate effectively. Communities share common interests, such as a lov e of photography, a political issue or a favourite TV show. Connectedness: Most kinds of social media thrive on their connectedness, making use of links to other sites, resources and people Drury (2008) suggests that when analyzing social media marketers too often concentrates on the media factor, when social element is the key, because marketing within social media is about building a relationship and conversation with the audience, where the simple message delivery is changed by ongoing exchange of perceptions and ideas between company and the consumer. Haven (2008) suggests that social media key elements are not entirely new as features of sharing, connecting, opining, broadcasting and creating has been long in our lives, but there are several characteristics of new technologies and behaviors that set them apart from the past: Reach Historically, audiences for the common person have been limited: a tribe, family, friends, neighbors, or the local community. Todays technologies pr ovide scale and enable anyone to reach a global audience. Accessibility The means of production for most media used to lie in the hands of enterprises with unlimited resources (financial or human). Todays technologies for media creation are available to anyone at little or no cost. Usability The means of production typically required specialized skills and training, both technically and creatively. Todays technologies simplify those processes, or in some cases reinvent them, so anyone can create and operate the means of production. Transparency People, especially Americans, historically kept personal information to themselves and had a general distrust of authority (enterprises, government, etc.). Today, people are willing to share anything about themselves (interests, location, family situations, health condition, etc.) in a public venue, and todays technologies make that both possible and purposeful. Recency When people did have the means of production and distribution in the past (albeit limited), the time lag between communications was typically long (days, weeks, or even months). It was a limitation of the technology or system in which it operated. Todays technologies enable instantaneous responses and dialog where only the participant determines the delay in response. The interactivity gains a new meaning when it is applied through Web 2.0 platforms and Social media channels as dialogue between consumer and company becomes much more active and interactive. As summarized in the media landscape analysis the past decade was all about two-way communicationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s and interactionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s models. Most of the marketing academics (Kotler, 2003; Pettit and Brassington, 2005) recognized the importance of creating two-way marketing channels between consumer and company for brand building, CRM, sales (and etc). Social media, itself, does not change this idea, but redefines interactivity and takes it to another level. Armano (2008a) argues that social media goes beyond the interactive marketing which is facilitated by computer-human interaction, and introduces human-to-human interaction enabled by technology (Appendix 2.1). The main difference is that the companies instead of pushing the content (i.e. automated e-mailà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s) through online channels empower people to engage and interact with other people and produce new content about the company (blogging, commenting, social networking and etc.). Free production of content and voluntary distribution is the key elements of the social media. Meadows-Klue (2008) suggests that in social media marketing engagement replaces interruption; diversity and self-expression replace conformism and unity; the media of the masses replace mass media; granular insights and rich data replaces generalization and conversations in marketing replace control. Another major change from the marketing perspective is the shift from persuasion to influence. Past decades marketing practitioners were using the communication mix in order to attack consumers with pervasive messages to make them buy goods and services offered, but in the age where 25 percent of search results on Google for the worldà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s 20 largest brands links to consumer-generated content (Nielsen Buzz Metrics, 2007 ), to do this is too late, not practical or impossible, as the messages are already floating out there. According to Mitchell (2008) this process is facilitated by the change of information flows from top down (B2C) to bottom up (C2B) what redefines marketing environment as marketers do not own the message anymore (Figure 2.2, Apendix 2.2). Armano (2008) suggests that people can be divided in different grouping according their strength as the massagers (Apedix 2.3) The User Generated Content (UGC) can become influential message of the consumer to the consumer (C2C) about the company and therefore should be carefully monitored. In fact, the content is the new message in social media channels. According to Eikelmann (Eikelmann et al, 2008) the best marketers can do in this environment is to try to engage with the consumers through social media in order influence these messages. Drury (2008) suggests that instead of sending simple messages, marketers should provide the content which would be relevant for consumers and would generate conversations among them. Therefore, influence will become a standard measurement in Marketing 2.0 (Dowdell, 2008). As blogger and social media strategist Douma (2008) put it: The age of persuasion is over. Welcome to the age of influence. Marketers are forced to look for alternative communication strategies to market in the social media environment, because advertising clutter, growing advertising literacy and changing consumer behaviour drives down the return on investment (Biegel, 2008; Constantinides and Fountain, 2008). These strategies have to consider the increasing fragmentation in the markets. 2.2.2 Web 2.0 Social media and Web 2.0 are two terms which are often used interchangeably in the marketing literature, even though they are not entirely the same. From the marketing perspective, the Web 2.0 should be perceived as the new tools for the marketing communication mix and facilitator and enabler of social media. The Web 2.0 term was introduced by Tim Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸Reilly in 2004, it has originated from talks about social software and the communities surrounding these applications. According Tim Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸Reilly (Tim Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸Reilly, 2007) the companies that survived the dotcom boom had something in common; these companies realized that the Web is much more useful for delivering service than being used just as a platform for packaged products (i.e. software). Constantinides and Fountain (2008) defined Web 2.0 as follows: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Web 2.0 is a collection of open-source, interactive and user-controlled online applications expanding the experiences, knowledge and mar ket power of the users as participants in business and social processes. Web 2.0 applications support the creation of informal users networks facilitating the flow of ideas and knowledge by allowing the efficient generation, dissemination, sharing and editing / refining of informational content . Hoegg (Hoegg et al, 2005) suggests that Web 2.0 is the philosophy of mutually maximizing collective intelligence and added value for each participant by formalized and dynamic information sharing and creationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬-. Both definitions share similar concepts of maximizing the collective intelligence, self-regulating community, network effect, transparency of the information creation and sharing process, but the key element in these terms is the user. From technological perspective, there are not many changes in the Web 2.0 compared to Web 1.0 applications; the real value is created by people not only using this social software but participating in the creation process of it (by creating and editing the new content or even in some cases modifying the application itself). According to Constantinides and Fountain (2008), the key innovative elements typifying this new family of web applications can be summarized as three main principles: 1. Focus on simple, service-based open-source solutions in the form of online applications. 2. Continuous and incremental application development requiring the participation and interaction of users in new ways: not only à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬-consumingbut also contributing, reviewing and editing content. 3. New service-based business models and new opportunities for reaching small individual customers with low-volume products. As Web 2.0 applications are still in the development stage, the grouping of them varies according to the purpose and field of the research. Hoegg (Hoegg et al, 2005) groups web 2.0 applications according the services they provide (Figure 2.4). Tim Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸Reilly (2005) argues that Web 2.0 doesnt have a hard boundary, but rather, a gravitational core which could be visualized as a set of principles and practices that tie together a veritable solar system of sites that demonstrate some or all of those principles, at a varying distance from that core (Appendix 2.4). Therefore it is difficult to classify the Web 2.0 into the precise groupings, because the applications are interrelated and most of the time a few Web 2.0 features works on one platform. The mixture of Web 2.0 applications working under one site are known as Mash-ups. According to Mayfield (2008) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢this combination of two or more pieces of content (or software, or websites) is one of the phenomena in social media that make it at once so exciting, fast-moving and sometimes bewilderingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬-. But even more important feature of Web 2.0 applications is the adaptability in the different platforms. Social applications are becoming more and more popular on mobile devices (Phones, iPods (via podcasts)). In fact, according to BBC News (2008) one of the reasons the Internet usage on the mobile devices is increasing Web 2.0 applications. According to Drury (2008) social media applications has an ability to bring Head (Professional) and Tail (UGC) content together in all the formats (audio, video , text). As more and more professionally edited websites incorporates social media content some companies (i.e. Joost) are trying to apply Web 2.0 principals (live participation) for even bigger media platforms as TV. These applications are being tested in the Internet TV and in the near future have a good chance to redefine TV experience completely. All theses changes open new opportunities for integrated marketing campaigns, where marketers are enabled to reach larger audiences of consumers at all their touch points with mediated world at one-stop shop. Blogs and blogging Web Logs (commonly knows as Blogs), according to Tredinnick (2006), are arguably the oldest Web 2.0 applications and have been in the web space since mid 1990à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s. Constantinides and Fountain (2008) states that it is the most know and fastest-growing category of Web 2.0 applications. According to McCann report (2008), 184 million people World Wide have started a blog and 346 million read blogs, which means that 77% of active Internet users read blogs. Furthermore, 17.8 m have read a blog and around 4.3 m have created their own blog in the UK (McCann, 2008). The most recent Technorati research (2008) confirms this phenomenon as they tracked blogs in 81 languages from 66 countries around the world, it suggest that blogging have made a major influence on media ecosystem as bloggers are collectively creating almost one million posts every day and have representation in all top-10 web site lists across all key categories. In general a Blog is a Web site, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video where entries are commonly displayed in reverse-chronological order and has permalinks (Daily Blog Tips, 2008), but Pomerantz and Stutzman (2006) argues that for every blog author and consumer, the precise understanding of a blogà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸s use is different, therefore it is difficult to define its true meaning. Dearstyne (2005) summarized the definitions and blogging opportunities provided by major companies: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢Microsoft defines blogs as frequently updated personal web journals that can dramatically help both small and large companies communicate their product messages. They increase peoples ability to share ideas and information exponentiallv, and on a worldwide scale. Accenture says blogs are an interactive website that allows the owner to publish ideas and information. Users can read and evaluate material and add new content, creating a conver sation that spans lime zones and continents. Research Design and methodology: We are left with mainly two options for the way and approach for gathering the research data- primary and secondary in the broadest sense. The primary research methodology involves direct interaction with the subjects where as the secondary research involves collection of data from sources such as literature, magazines etc. While the primary research methodology is more current, it includes interviews, questionnaires, targeted groups, personal interviews etc which is a time taking and tedious process. There needs to be a trade off regarding the extent of primary research data to be included in the research. The main empirical study will be carried out based on the primary data which was collected as per the study requirements. Based on the requirement and research find

BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Essay

1. The apprenticeship and your role In this induction section you will show that you understand the employer/employee relationship and what someone who works in the health and social care sector is required to do. The Workbook will help you to show that you follow agreed ways of working. KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING Task 1 WorkSkills: Unit 1: 1.1, 1.2 Task 1a Complete the spider diagram below to show that you understand what each component of the Apprenticeship is for and how it is assessed. †¢ In each box, for Number 1 say what the component is for. Read more: Explain the principle of informed choice in child care essay Diploma 1. Generic, dementia and learning disability. alongside other components. 2. Checked by the assessor Employment Rights and Responsibilities 1. ERR BTEC 1. Social care level 2 and 3 2. Checked by the assessor 2. Checked by the assessor alongside other components. Apprenticeship components alongside other components. Key/Functional Skills 1. 2. Functional skills English, Math Checked by the assessor alongside other components. Personal, learning and thinking skills 1. Skills for working life 2. Checked by the assessor alongside other components 2 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care †¢ For Number 2 say how it is assessed. Types of assessment are given in a list below. Choose the most appropriate one or two. Assessment methods: †¢ portfolio †¢ online test †¢ paper-based test. One example has been done for you. WorkSkills: Unit 1: 3.1, 3.2 ERR/WorkSkills: Unit 3: 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 1 Task 1b In the table below write a list of different careers that you could aim to have after your Apprenticeship. In the second column, write in where you could get advice about how to progress on this career pathway. In the third column put two possible routes for this career path. An example has been done for you. Career Nurse Where to ï ¬ nd advice NHS careers advice website (www.nhscareers.nhs.uk/nursing.shtml) Union website (www.unison.org.uk/healthcare/nursing/education) Progression routes 1. Level 3 BTEC 2. University Care Assistant Care Assistant advice website (www.careruk.orgs) 1. Level 2 NVQ Diploma. 2. BTEC Level 2 Diploma Senior Care Assistant Senior Care Assistant advice website 1. Level 3 NVQ Diploma 2. BTEC Level 3 Diploma Manager Care Assistant Manager Care Assistant advice website 1. Level 5 NVQ Diploma 2. College Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 3 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care 1 BTEC: Unit 6:1.1 Diploma: Unit 6:1.1 Task 2 Task 2a For each of the ï ¬ gures below, ï ¬ ll in the box for who you have personal or working relationships with and the box on why. An example has been completed for you. Personal relationship Who? Why? Family Love Enemys Friends Ignore Friendship Working relationship Who? Why? Colleagues Managers Residents Team working Supervisory Between professionals BTEC: Unit 6: 1.2 Diploma: Unit 6: 1.2 Task 2b The table below lists different types of relationship. For each type, write what the relationship is. An example has been completed for you. Relationship type Supervisory Colleagues Between teams Between professionals With others Example e.g. Me and my manager Me and other care assistants Me and other staff members Me and the residents Me and their family 4 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care BTEC: Unit 4: 3.1, 3.2 Unit 5: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 Unit 7: 5.5 Unit 9: 2.2 Diploma: Unit 7: 5.4 ERR/WorkSkills: Unit 3: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 Task 2c i) Below are some case studies of problems at work. Select the aspect of employment law that each one relates to from this list. Aspects of employment law: †¢ discrimination †¢ working hours †¢ holiday †¢ sickness absence and sick pay †¢ data protection †¢ health and safety. 1 1 Salina was told that because of stafï ¬ ng shortages she would be expected to cut short her holiday this year. Aspect of employment law: 2 Although he was more experienced, Marc believes that he did not get promotion because of his sexual orientation. Aspect of employment law: 3 Melanie has not yet attended the moving and handling of people training but has been asked to help someone with limited mobility into their bed from a chair. Aspect of employment law: 4 Gina overheard staff discussing private information about her which she had shared with her supervisor. Aspect of employment law: Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 5 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care 1 ii) List the main features of current employment legislation: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ iii) Complete the following sentence: Employment legislation exists because †¦ PLTS: IE3 iv) What kinds of information and support are there to help you with Employment Rights and Responsibilities? Complete the list below. An example has been done for you. †¢ HR department †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ What kinds of information and support are there to help you with Employment Rights and Responsibilities? 6 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care BTEC: Unit 8: 1.2, 1.3 Diploma: Unit 8: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 Task 3 Produce a leaï ¬â€šet about health and safety for new starters at your workplace. You can ï ¬ ll in the example shown below or do your own, following the same structure, to give to anyone starting work. 1 HEALTH AND SAFETY IN OUR WORKPLACE There are many pieces of legislation that relate to health and safety. The main ones include: †¢ Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ The main points of health and safety procedures that affect you are: †¢ Dealing with accidents and injuries †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Everybody in the workplace has responsibility for health and safety. You Look after your own health and safety Your Employer Provide training where necessary Others Look after their own health and safety Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 7 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care 1 Task 4 BTEC: Unit 6: 2.2, 2.3 Diploma: Unit 6: 2.2 WorkSkills: Unit 1: 1.3 Task 4a It is important to be clear about the agreed ways of working in your organisation. i) Using the table below, complete the list of the documents that set out details of your employment. For each document on the list state where it is stored and how it can be accessed. Your assessor may ask to see the documents on their visit but you do not have to photocopy them. The list has been started for you. Fill in the blank spaces with any other documents. Exactly which documents are included on your list will depend on your organisation. It might include any of the following: †¢ health and safety policy and procedures †¢ equality and diversity policy †¢ policy on conï ¬ dentiality and data protection †¢ policy on harassment, bullying and conï ¬â€šict management. Documents setting out relationship with employer Job description Grievance procedure Employee handbook Contract of employment Apprenticeship Agreement Where they are stored/how to access Company website/from HR page ii) Why is it important that you have access to up-to-date versions of these documents? iii) What is the purpose of the Apprenticeship Agreement? 8 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care ERR/WorkSkills: Unit 3: 2.1 Task 4b Complete the following information about your role. My working hours are: 1 My place of work is: If I cannot attend work I should: If I am sick I should: If I am still sick after †¦.. days I should: If I continue to be sick my employer will: My sick pay entitlement is: My notice period is: Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 9 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care 1 My probationary period lasts for: During probation, my notice period is: BTEC: Unit 2: 1.1,1.3 Unit 6: 2.2 Diploma: Unit 2: 1.2. 1.3 ERR/WorkSkills Unit 3: 2.5 Task 4c Complete the following examples to show how and when you have complied with policies and procedures in your workplace: i) To maintain my organisation’s good reputation I have: If I do not do this the consequence is: ii) To comply with my organisation’s health and safety policy and procedure, I have: If I do not comply the consequence is: iii) To comply with my organisation’s equality and diversity policy and procedure, I have: 10 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care If I do not comply the consequence is: 1 iv) To comply with my organisation’s conï ¬ dentiality and data protection policy and procedure, I have: If I do not comply the consequence is: v) To comply with my organisation’s policy on harassment, bullying and conï ¬â€šict management I have: If I do not comply the consequence is: vi) Ways in which I make sure that my personal attitudes or beliefs do not affect how I work with people using my services or with my colleagues include: †¢ Reï ¬â€šecting on my own work †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 11 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care 1 ERR/WorkSkills: Unit 3: 2.4 Task 4d i) What personal information should you keep up to date with your employer? †¢ Phone number †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ ii) Why does your employer need to have this up-to-date information? BTEC: Unit 6: 2.1 Diploma: Unit 2: 1.1 Unit 6: 2.1 ERR/WorkSkills: Unit 3: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4 Task 4e i) What is your role? You need to show that you understand what your job description means for you. Where there are job titles (for example reports to †¦ , responsible for †¦ ) you need to list the names of the actual people. Where it lists your duties, provide an example of what you should do. You can either write the information on a copy of your job description or complete the table below. The job description says . . . What this means is . . . 12 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care ii) How does your role help to improve the service provided for the people who use your organisation? 1 iii) Complete the spider diagram below to show how your role links to the wider sector. An example is completed for you. e.g. local mental health team refer people to my centre My role . . . Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 13 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care 1 Representative body UNISON iv) The table below lists some of the representative bodies in the health and social care sector. Complete the table showing their roles and responsibilities. Role in the sector Skills for Care and Development British Association of Social Workers Care Quality Commission Criminal Records Bureau v) Why is it important that you do not carry out tasks which are not part of your own job description? ERR/WorkSkills: Unit 3: 2.3 Task 4f i) What happens when things go wrong? Give an example of something that could be handled within the grievance procedure: 14 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care ii) Look at the grievance policy of your organisation. Do a ï ¬â€šow chart to show each step of the process that should be taken. You may add more boxes if you wish. 1 ERR/WorkSkills: Unit 3: 2.2 Task 4g Do you know where your money goes? Annotate one of your pay statements with an explanation of what each section covers. BTEC: Unit 5: 1.1 Diploma: Unit 4: 1.1 PLTS: IE1 Task 5 Task 5a Duty of care is an important idea when working in health and social care. Choose which of the statements below you think are true. 1 a) Duty of care is a legal obligation. b) Duty of care is not a legal obligation. 2 a) You are required to work in the best interests of the person using the service. b) You are required to work in the best interests of the service provider. 3 a) You must carry out care only within the limits of your role. b) You must carry out any type of care the individual requests. Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 15 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care 1 BTEC: Unit 5: 1.2 Diploma: Unit 4: 1.2 PLTS: IE2, IE6, EP3, EP4 Task 5b Complete the spider diagram below showing how duty of care affects your own role: I am accountable for my decisions and actions How duty of care affects me BTEC: Unit 5: 2.1, 2.2 Diploma: Unit 4: 2.1, 2.2 Task 5c i) Sometimes you will come across problems where an individual’s wishes go against your duty of care for them. For example, an individual may want to do something that could cause them harm. Write down an example of when this has happened in your workplace. 16 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care Remember that in order to meet conï ¬ dentiality requirements you must not include any information which will identify individuals. 1 ii) When you have a problem like this, there are many places you can go for advice and support. List three of them below. 1. 2. 3. ERR/WorkSkills: Unit 3: 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4 Task 6 i) The health and social care sector is often in the news. List three occasions when concerns have been raised about the sector. Check in newspapers or on the internet. †¢ †¢ †¢ ii) For one of your examples, ï ¬ ll in the table below showing how three different people might feel about the event. Management of the service involved Relative of the person involved Person who works at the service involved (for example care worker) iii) How do you think negative coverage of the health and social care sector changes the views of the public about the sector? Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 17 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care 1 a) Do they feel more or less positive about people who work in the sector? b) Are they happy with the service they or their relatives are receiving? iv) Have public concerns about the health and social care sector and the way services are delivered made any changes to your workplace? BTEC: Unit 2: 1.2, 2.1, 3.1, 3.3 Diploma: Unit 2: 2.1, 3.1 PLTS: CT6, RL5, CT3 Task 7 i) It is important to consider your personal development. Throughout your Apprenticeship, your assessor and manager will encourage you to think about or reï ¬â€šect on what you do at work. How can reï ¬â€šection help you to develop your knowledge and skills? 18 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care It is important to consider your personal development 1 ii) Describe a learning activity that improved your own knowledge, skills and understanding. iii) What did you learn? Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 19 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care 1 iv) Where can you go for support in your learning and development? v) This is a template for a Personal Development Plan. Below it are statements about what you should put in different sections. Match each statement to the correct section of the plan. Personal Development Plan 1. Review of strengths and weaknesses relevant to current and future roles 2. Learning topic to be targeted in the plan and how the learning will be used Name: 3. Knowledge to be learnt 4. Skills to be learnt and developed 5. Learning activities and dates 6. Assessment and dates 20 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care Insert the number of the correct section of the plan next to each description. This space should include a brief description of the area the person will be trying to develop and what difference the learning could make to their role. This space should include detailed information about which skills the person will develop. Objectives should be SMART (speciï ¬ c, measurable, achievable, realistic and time-bound). This space should include a description of what the person does well and where they do less well in the job. It should be based on evidence. It should identify changes in the job and possible changes in career and the relevant strengths and weaknesses of the individual. This space should include target dates for achievement and space for the comments of the person and their manager to assess the success of different objectives. This space should include detailed information about what knowledge the person will gain. Objectives should be SMART (speciï ¬ c, measurable, achie vable, realistic and time-bound). This space should include a description of any learning activities the person will do, what knowledge and skills they will gain and when the activities will take place. You will need to complete your own personal development plan. If your workplace does not have its own template, you may want to use the one above. You should complete the plan together with your manager. 1 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011 21 BTEC Apprenticeship Assessment Workbook Level 2 Health & Social Care 1 BTEC: Unit 2: 3.2, 3.4 Diploma: Unit 2: 2.2, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.4 WorkSkills: Unit 1: 2.1, 2.3 Unit 9: 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5 PLTS: EP4 EVIDENCE GATHERING In this activity you will identify an area of your work that will capture evidence of how you operate as a team leader. Your assessor will help you to identify suitable items of evidence. You need to gather evidence of activity within areas of your work to demonstrate: that you can complete a personal development plan and assess your own knowledge and skills. Suggested evidence may include: †¢ completed personal development plan †¢ diary or reï ¬â€šective account of your own learning †¢ witness testimony from manager about your participation in the process of building a personal development plan. Your assessor may wish to ask you some follow-up questions on the personal development plan process. These may include the following: †¢ How should you agree a personal development plan? †¢ What are the beneï ¬ ts of a personal development plan? †¢ Why should you meet deadlines and be organised? †¢ How has a learning activity improved your knowledge, ski lls and understanding? †¢ What happens if you do not complete learning on time? 22 Original text and illustrations  © Pearson Education Limited, 2011

International And International Students At Universities

All over most college campuses there is a group of students that commonly get over looked; the international students. International students make up a good majority of a lot of college campuses. Statistics have shown that 1,000,000 international students are enrolled at universities in the United States of America (Migration Policy Institute). I chose to observe a group of international students at universities, because this is a topic that is of interest to me. Since international students are so common at universities, they play a big part in our society. It does seem that possibly at times, international students can get overlooked because at many universities they are in the minority. Even though there are many differences between non international and international students, we all share one purpose; to get an education at a university in the United States of America. If an international student is at a university in America, in most cases you can assume they are there for a pu rpose. For international students, they are in a complete different country than their family. Most students would not do that, unless they have a purpose in doing it. Most international students come to the states to get better quality education, so they can have a future with better opportunities. People’s view on international students, in most cases would completely depend on the person. It seems that most people have some level of respect for them considering the sacrifices that they makeShow MoreRelatedInternational Students At The American University1749 Words   |  7 PagesHow many of you guys study well in the American Universityï ¼Å¸ Maybe some of you have problem in your academic study? To be a successful International student in the American University, International students should work hard and go to the student center of school and go to the writing center in order to find tutors for help. Also they can take lots of student’s activities in school. For most of International students, taking the activities in school, including language communication or club activitiesRead MoreAn International Student At Swinburne University1615 Words   |  7 PagesReflective Essay Thio Eric Adiputra Tresno - 1716506 Part 1 As an international student at Swinburne University, I have felt how what is it like to be a minority. This situation teaches me how much important it is to hold up fairness within an organization. Over the course, I found that HRM theories have helped me to develop my ethical conscience. I gained significant knowledge of practical theory of ethic during the lecture. In the tutorial, we did case studies analysis that give me insight aboutRead MoreInternational Students Should Be Taught At A University1699 Words   |  7 PagesInternational students who come from different parts of the world to study with later hopes of finding a job, take loans to help pay for education ending up in large debts. This sadly is a harsh reality for students who come as international students into the United States. International students are not permitted to work off campus while studying at a university. According to the U.S. Citizenship Immigration Services, visas granted to foreign students are pr ohibited to any execution of a job (Working)Read MoreUniversity Services That Assist International Students1176 Words   |  5 Pages University Services that assist International Students in their successful Transition to studying in the US Gopi Nadh Kancharla Fairleigh Dickinson University Abstract Introduction Each and every international student will definitely feel it difficult initially to the sudden change of culture, environmental conditions and language. It would be a common scenario in most of the international student cases including me. Being an international scholar, I found itRead MoreUniversity Of Montana International Student Association1585 Words   |  7 PagesWhile writing my profile essay on University of Montana International Student Association to discover the challenges, international students face when they moved away thousands of miles from their home country to study here at the University of Montana. Many face challenges from social (unfamiliar living circumstances), academic (learning style) to cultural (language, culture and personal barriers) issues. Some students adapt easily to life here in Missoula while others experience difficulties. IRead MoreI Am An International Student Attending University Of Texas1846 Words   |  8 PagesI am an international student attending University of Texas at Arlington. It is my second semester here. I am getting used to with the American educational system and culture. So far, I feel positive about it and I think I am excelling. My first semester was however a total cultural shock. Being a business major wanting to pursue career in accounting, I wanted to take Accounting, Business, Economics and Finances classes but I was forced into taking Astronomy, History, Communication and English classesRead MoreThe Effects Of Counterfactual Thinking On Students At Florida International University935 Words   |  4 PagesParticipants There were 425 participants that participated in this experimental study. Most of the participants were friends and family members of the students at Florida International University. Of these, 152 were male (36%) and 273 were female (64%) The age of the sample ranged from 14 to 76 (M = 29.05, SD = 11.88). This included 42% Hispanic (N =180), 27% African American (N = 116), 25% Caucasian (N = 108), and 3% Asian (N = 13), 1% other (N =6), and .5% Native American (N =2). Materials andRead MoreMy Identity And Representation : I Am An International Student At Arizona State University1861 Words   |  8 PagesMy identity and representation First of all, I am an international student at Arizona State University, so my life in the United State could not live without friends, family support and other outside social groups. Living by myself in other country, I have to face a lot problem in every single day, that is the main reason for me to take a part it and join them. I belong with many social groups, and those groups relate to my life and changed my identity, in each group I represent different roleRead MoreThe Problems Faced By The International Students Without A Social Security Number At Pittsburg State University1635 Words   |  7 Pagesthe International students without a Social Security Number at Pittsburg State University. Introduction The study conducted by Savage (2007) describes when international students arrive in the United States, students are challenged by the many issues: language, academics and they have to adjust to many things like living, making communication, cultures, weather, transportation because they vary from one region to another region (Savage, 2007) The other types of difficulties international studentsRead MoreAustralian Universities House A Diversified Variety Of Racial And Cultural Backgrounds, From Domestic And International Students2092 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction: Australian universities house a diversified variety of racial and cultural backgrounds, from both domestic and international students. As seen in other universities around the world, such as the United States, and Canada, racial discrimination is an issue that is experienced by universities students, usually of immigrant and/or non-Caucasian descent (Beamon, 2014, pp. 121-34; Marchak, 1996, p. 6; Rich). Historically, Australia does not frame itself as being racially tolerant, with

The Negative Effects Of The Internet On Youth - 997 Words

The Negative Effects of the Internet on Youth â€Å"The internet has been a boon and a curse for teenagers†. This quotation by author, JK Rowling is really the basis of my paper. Rowling acknowledges that the internet is a blessing for teenagers to have. Which is very true; the internet is incredibly useful in many ways. It is an infinite wealth of information, a convenient communication tool, and makes completing school work easier than ever. However, in addition to noting that the internet can be a great asset for teenagers, Rowling does point out that it can also be harmful. This is what I will be discussing in my paper. I will address the harmful effects of internet usage among today’s youth, such as cyber bullying, privacy issues, and depression. Although I will be analyzing the negative effects the internet has on youth, I will admit that it is an incredibly powerful tool with numerous advantages; especially for young people who are just beginning to branch out in to the world. I think that the first thing that comes to mind when people think of teenagers on the internet is communication. Whether it be over social media, email, or Skype, you can virtually contact anyone, anywhere, anytime. This is ideal for connecting with friends, meeting new people, or keeping in touch with distant relatives. University of Denver professor, Seth Masket commended the internet in advancing communication, stating, â€Å"Decades ago, our social networks were decidedly local; we primarily spokeShow MoreRelatedBad Influence of Mass Media on Kids1499 Words   |  6 Pagesour children than ever before. The internet and the media are bringing the outside world into your home; your childs peers; the influences on children from movies and the music they listen to are growing in importance and influence every day, the negative effects of television violence to children, negative effects marijuana, cigarettes, alcohol and some of the heavier drugs are all having negative influences on child brain developmentRead MoreA Persuasive Thesis Statement On Youth And The Internet Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Kandare Ms. Gallos English 3 May 18, 2015 A Persuasive Thesis Statement on Youth and the Internet Dangers of the Internet, Fact or Fiction? Today’s youth are tomorrow’s leaders. They are our future. So what kind of leaders are we creating? What affects the way our children grow up today? Popular opinion today says that excessive use of the internet is damaging to the youth of the world in many ways. One of the most significant beliefs is that kids today don’t exercise enough becauseRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography1438 Words   |  6 PagesBenak Date: Friday, March 15th. 2013 Jung, Brain. â€Å"The Negative Effect of Social Media on Society and Individuals | Chron.com. Small Business - Chron.com. Retrieved March 15 2013 lt;http://smallbusiness.chron.com/negative-effect-social-media-society-individuals-27617.htmlgt;. This is an article which talks about how the social networking system, although looks really great is in the same way has a negative effect in the society. False sense of communication is one of theRead MoreEffects Of Social Media Essay946 Words   |  4 Pagesamongst teens. The web’s social network has grown to be one of the largest and most influential outlet on the internet. Social media have both a positive and negative affect on how teens interact on day to day basis. Social networking has given teens an opportunity to communicate with others, express themselves, and establish a political stand on the government. However, some negative effects including establishing low self-esteem and bullying. Social networking has a huge impact on the global societyRead MoreThe Negative Impact of Pornography on Behavior Essay1564 Words   |  7 Pages Studies have shown that pornography has several significant effects on an individual. A study in 2000 conducted by Oddone-Paolucci, Genuis, and Violato revealed information on the correlation between pornography consumption and behaviour (Oddone-Paolucci et al., 2000). Out of 12,323 people, eighty-five percent of people were sampled from the U.S.A, eleven percent from Canada, and two studies were done in Europe (Oddone-Paolucci et al., 2000). Overall, the analysis of the results showed â€Å"a thirty-oneRead MoreThe Adverse Effects of Anti-Social Media Essay662 Words   |  3 Pageswisdom are nevertheless remarkably relevant to the modern-day era of technology, including text messaging and social media. Cell phone and internet usage are arguably beneficial practices in terms of the convenient communication and unlimited issuance of information said technology provides. However, the excessive amount of technology that the adolescent youth is exposed to on a regular basis is detrimen tal. Statistics have shown that an average of six-plus hours are exhausted on media in a singleRead MoreEffects Of Modern Socialization Networks On Youth1260 Words   |  6 Pages EFFECTS OF MODERN SOCIALIZATION NETWORKS ON YOUTH SYED SAAD ALI Abstract The paper is a study of modern socializing sites effects on youth. Study revolves around the effects on youth of modern socializing in new era. Some recommend-aions are made on the bases on the findings of this study. Also, the study came out with some of the consequencesRead MorePornographic Videos On Today s Society1605 Words   |  7 Pages Pornographic videos in today’s society have become more and more accessible to everyone from pre-teens to older adults, essentially anyone who has access to the internet on either a phone or a computer they have the ability to access pornography. While most of us think adolescents view porn when they are older; O’Sullivan and Ronis (2013) found that viewing of pornography begins at early ages. In exploring viewing rates of pornography by adolescents, O’Sullivan and Ronis (2013) found that 85% ofRead MoreImpact Of Internet Addiction On Pakistan Youth1117 Words   |  5 PagesOF INTERNET ADDICTION ON PAKISTAN YOUTH INTRODUCTION: The internet has become the most convenient source of information and entertainment. In Pakistan more than 200,000 people out of 14 billion are paying for internet. Pakistan belongs to a Muslim society much conservative society , internet addiction is significant in youth. These addictions take a 360’ rotation in Pakistanis youth life styles. In Pakistan most people use to consume their spare time by watching obscene material [A-1] Youth canRead MoreThe Positive Impact Of The Internet And Social Media735 Words   |  3 Pages Perhaps nothing has been able to exert a greater impact on our society than the Internet and social media. By using the internet, people can easily communicate with others beyond any geographical boundaries. The overall effect of the Internet is positive for both individuals and enterprise and it will be more efficient in the next ten years, although social media may bring about some adverse impacts. First of all, the widespread application of technology and social media can not only help young

Theme Of Love In Jane Eyre - 957 Words

In Jane Eyre, Charlotte Brontà « underlines two opposing paths through different love interests for Jane. During the exploration of paths set out before Jane, she finds herself at a crossroad between a life of duty and a life of passion. A man born into a wealthy family of high rank shows a path of passion. Contrasting this is a strict clergyman, shows a path of duty. It is through different manners, however, St. John Rivers and Edward Rochester both have sought to cultivate and nurture the similar value of intelligence they both share with Jane. Although both characters shaped Jane Eyre’s life in some way or another, St. John Rivers’ icy exterior helps the reader to better appreciate Edward Rochester’s fiery sense of humanity. In the†¦show more content†¦He does not act human. She is seemingly frustrated by his lack of emotion towards her when she says â€Å"I am your kinswoman, I should desire somewhat more of affection than sort of general philanth ropy you extend to mere strangers† (511). He treats her no different from someone he would bypass on the street. One could say Rivers is blinded by his Christianity, thus leading him towards failure to see Jane as a romantic partner, and instead more of a co-worker. He sees her a someone to help him in his missionary work in India while ignoring her passions. He is straightforward in his speech, all the while omitting anything remotely sensual in his language. The reader could see a lack of compassion for the people he is supposedly helping, especially Jane, through his dialogue. Additionally, Rochester views marriage as an act of love and passion. He is often guided by his senses and not his rational mind. This is where he and Rivers contrast in morals. Brontà « depicts Rochester as ultimately choosing a life of feelings over a life of logic. Rochester recognizes his love for Jane when he says â€Å"There is not another being in the world that has the same pure love for me as yourself – for I lay that pleasant unction of my soul, Jane, a belief of your affection† (348), as she is the only person he admires and is fond of. He does not propose to Jane out of convenience as Rivers does. He proposes because he believes Jane completesShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Love In Jane Eyre957 Words   |  4 PagesTwo opposing loves in Jane Eyre In  Jane Eyre, Charlotte  Brontà «Ã‚  underlines two opposing paths through different love interests for Jane.  Ã‚  During  the exploration of  paths set out before Jane, she finds herself at a crossroad between a life of duty and a life of passion. A man born into a wealthy family of high rank shows a path of passion. Contrasting this is a strict  clergyman, shows a path of duty. It is through different manners, however, St. John Rivers and Edward Rochester both have sought toRead MoreJane Eyre vs Wide Sargasso Sea Essay example1635 Words   |  7 Pages2014 Symbolism through Theme Of Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea â€Å"To produce a mighty book, you must choose a mighty theme. No great and enduring volume can ever be written on the flea, though many there be that have tried it,† stated Herman Melville. As implied, without theme, no novel can be considered â€Å"mighty† or have any depth. Theme is essential in any work of art. Jane Eyre is a novel by Charlotte Brontà « that takes the reader through the experiences of Jane Eyre, from childhood to adulthoodRead MoreCharlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre984 Words   |  4 PagesCharlotte Brontà « wrote Jane Eyre. The novel is a highly fascinating piece of gothic literature based during the nineteenth century. The story unfolds around a young Jane Eyre who grows both in character and body. She experiences love and mystery. She, through many trials, finds a true, wholesome, and godly relationship with the main male protagonist, Mr. Rochester. Jane Eyre occurs during the early nineteenth century in northern Britain. It takes place in multiple locations: â€Å"the Reed family’sRead MoreSummary Of Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre1607 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Bronte s novel Jane Eyre embraces many views in opposition to the Victorian gender limitations. Ultimately, the reader can see the author develops a variety of characters who not only represent but also challenge the established gender norms existing in the 1800s. Feminists like Charlotte Bronte, fight for equality emotionally, mentally, financially, and physically. When Charlotte was 5 her mother passed away, and therefore the loss of a mother became the theme in her books. Then at ageRead MoreTrapped in the Red Room: A Look into the Mind of the Original Mrs. Rochester1399 Words   |  6 PagesRed Room: A Look into the Mind of the Original Mrs. Rochester â€Å"One is very crazy when in love† (Freud). Freud made this statement nearly one hundred years ago. As one of the founders of modern psychology what would he have to say about the mad woman in the attic? Was she mad, in love, suffering from hysteria, or simply a product of nature versus nurture? Neither of which were very kind to her. In Jane Eyre we as the readers are presented with a singular perspective in nearly true to form autobiographicalRead MoreEquality Within Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre1673 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Bronte s novel Jane Eyre embraces many views in opposition to the Victorian gender limitations. Ultimately, the reader can see the author develops a variety of characters who not only represent but also challenge the established gender norms existing in the 1800s. Feminists like Charlotte Bronte, fight for equality emotionally, mentally, financially, and physically. When Charlotte was 5 her mother passed away, and therefore the loss of a mother became the theme in her books. Then at ageRead MoreLiterary Criticism Of Jane Eyre1378 Words   |  6 PagesMrs. Beckis English 3, Period C 5 December 2015 Literary Criticism Essay In her book Jane Eyre, Charlotte Brontà « writes of a fictional tale in which the protagonist, Jane Eyre, overcomes many obstacles, such as dishonesty and social class, in order to marry her love: Mr. Rochester. The Victorian Era is characterized by the great inequality between men and women in terms of societal standing. As a result, Jane is a victim of this ‘norm’ and is directly affected when she is kept in the dark aboutRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1552 Words   |  7 PagesBrontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre deals with a young orphan girl who lives a very repugnant life; the transition from her childhood to adulthood makes the reader effectively understand the character’s struggles and accomplishments. When reading this novel, a reader’s imagination can travel back to the Victorian age in England, where everything was differentiated between the men and women of this time era. This can aid readers to get a prominent picture of the life of the main character, Jane. Jane Eyre portraysRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1554 Words   |  7 PagesBrontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre deals with a young orphan girl who lives a very repugnant life; the transition from her childhood to adulthood makes the reader effectively understand the character’s struggles and accomplishments. When reading this novel, a reader’s imagination can travel back to the Victorian age in England, where everything was differentiated between the men and women of this time era. This can aid readers to get a prominent picture of the life of the main character, Jane. Jane Eyre portraysRead MoreThe Search for Love in Jane Eyre Essay528 Words   |  3 PagesThe Search for Love in Jane Eyre A constant theme throughout Jane Eyre is the search for love. Although this could be shown through many of the novels key characters, it can most readily be shown in the experiences of Jane Eyre herself. The novel begins with her searching for love and it finally ends with her finding it, for good, in Mr. Rochester. At the novels opening, Jane is living with the cruel Mrs. Reed and her horrid three children, Eliza, Georgiana, and John. Mrs. Reed makes Theme Of Love In Jane Eyre - 957 Words Two opposing loves in Jane Eyre In Jane Eyre, Charlotte Brontà « underlines two opposing paths through different love interests for Jane. During the exploration of paths set out before Jane, she finds herself at a crossroad between a life of duty and a life of passion. A man born into a wealthy family of high rank shows a path of passion. Contrasting this is a strict clergyman, shows a path of duty. It is through different manners, however, St. John Rivers and Edward Rochester both have sought to cultivate and nurture the similar value of intelligence they both share with Jane. Although both characters shaped Jane Eyre’s life in some way or another, St. John Rivers’ icy exterior helps the reader to better appreciate Edward Rochester’s†¦show more content†¦He does not act human. She is seemingly frustrated by his lack of emotion towards her when she says â€Å"I am your kinswoman, I should desire somewhat more of affection than sort of general philanthropy you extend to mere stranger s† (511). He treats her no different from someone he would bypass on the street. One could say Rivers is blinded by his Christianity, thus leading him towards failure to see Jane as a romantic partner, and instead more of a co-worker. He sees her a someone to help him in his missionary work in India while ignoring her passions. He is straightforward in his speech, all the while omitting anything remotely sensual in his language. The reader could see a lack of compassion for the people he is supposedly helping, especially Jane, through his dialogue. Additionally, Rochester views marriage as an act of love and passion. He is often guided by his senses and not his rational mind. This is where he and Rivers contrast in morals. Brontà « depicts Rochester as ultimately choosing a life of feelings over a life of logic. Rochester recognizes his love for Jane when he says â€Å"There is not another being in the world that has the same pure love for me as yourself – for I lay that pleasant unction of my soul, Jane, a belief of your affection† (348), as she is the only person he admires and is fond of. He does not propose to Jane out of convenience as Rivers does. He proposes because heShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Love In Jane Eyre957 Words   |  4 PagesIn  Jane Eyre, Charlotte  Brontà «Ã‚  underlines two opposing paths through different love interests for Jane.  Ã‚  During  the exploration of  paths set out before Jane, she finds herself at a crossroad between a life of duty and a life of passion. A man born into a wealthy family of high rank shows a path of passion. Contrasting this is a strict  clergyman, shows a path of duty. It is through different manners, however, St. John Rivers and Edward Rochester both have sought to cultivate and nurture the similarRead MoreJane Eyre vs Wide Sargasso Sea Essay example1635 Words   |  7 Pages2014 Symbolism through Theme Of Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea â€Å"To produce a mighty book, you must choose a mighty theme. No great and enduring volume can ever be written on the flea, though many there be that have tried it,† stated Herman Melville. As implied, without theme, no novel can be considered â€Å"mighty† or have any depth. Theme is essential in any work of art. Jane Eyre is a novel by Charlotte Brontà « that takes the reader through the experiences of Jane Eyre, from childhood to adulthoodRead MoreCharlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre984 Words   |  4 PagesCharlotte Brontà « wrote Jane Eyre. The novel is a highly fascinating piece of gothic literature based during the nineteenth century. The story unfolds around a young Jane Eyre who grows both in character and body. She experiences love and mystery. She, through many trials, finds a true, wholesome, and godly relationship with the main male protagonist, Mr. Rochester. Jane Eyre occurs during the early nineteenth century in northern Britain. It takes place in multiple locations: â€Å"the Reed family’sRead MoreSummary Of Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre1607 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Bronte s novel Jane Eyre embraces many views in opposition to the Victorian gender limitations. Ultimately, the reader can see the author develops a variety of characters who not only represent but also challenge the established gender norms existing in the 1800s. Feminists like Charlotte Bronte, fight for equality emotionally, mentally, financially, and physically. When Charlotte was 5 her mother passed away, and therefore the loss of a mother became the theme in her books. Then at ageRead MoreTrapped in the Red Room: A Look into the Mind of the Original Mrs. Rochester1399 Words   |  6 PagesRed Room: A Look into the Mind of the Original Mrs. Rochester â€Å"One is very crazy when in love† (Freud). Freud made this statement nearly one hundred years ago. As one of the founders of modern psychology what would he have to say about the mad woman in the attic? Was she mad, in love, suffering from hysteria, or simply a product of nature versus nurture? Neither of which were very kind to her. In Jane Eyre we as the readers are presented with a singular perspective in nearly true to form autobiographicalRead MoreEquality Within Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre1673 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Bronte s novel Jane Eyre embraces many views in opposition to the Victorian gender limitations. Ultimately, the reader can see the author develops a variety of characters who not only represent but also challenge the established gender norms existing in the 1800s. Feminists like Charlotte Bronte, fight for equality emotionally, mentally, financially, and physically. When Charlotte was 5 her mother passed away, and therefore the loss of a mother became the theme in her books. Then at ageRead MoreLiterary Criticism Of Jane Eyre1378 Words   |  6 PagesMrs. Beckis English 3, Period C 5 December 2015 Literary Criticism Essay In her book Jane Eyre, Charlotte Brontà « writes of a fictional tale in which the protagonist, Jane Eyre, overcomes many obstacles, such as dishonesty and social class, in order to marry her love: Mr. Rochester. The Victorian Era is characterized by the great inequality between men and women in terms of societal standing. As a result, Jane is a victim of this ‘norm’ and is directly affected when she is kept in the dark aboutRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1552 Words   |  7 PagesBrontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre deals with a young orphan girl who lives a very repugnant life; the transition from her childhood to adulthood makes the reader effectively understand the character’s struggles and accomplishments. When reading this novel, a reader’s imagination can travel back to the Victorian age in England, where everything was differentiated between the men and women of this time era. This can aid readers to get a prominent picture of the life of the main character, Jane. Jane Eyre portraysRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1554 Words   |  7 PagesBrontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre deals with a young orphan girl who lives a very repugnant life; the transition from her childhood to adulthood makes the reader effectively understand the character’s struggles and accomplishments. When reading this novel, a reader’s imagination can travel back to the Victorian age in England, where everything was differentiated between the men and women of this time era. This can aid readers to get a prominent picture of the life of the main character, Jane. Jane Eyre portraysRead MoreThe Search for Love in Jane Eyre Essay528 Words   |  3 PagesThe Search for Love in Jane Eyre A constant theme throughout Jane Eyre is the search for love. Although this could be shown through many of the novels key characters, it can most readily be shown in the experiences of Jane Eyre herself. The novel begins with her searching for love and it finally ends with her finding it, for good, in Mr. Rochester. At the novels opening, Jane is living with the cruel Mrs. Reed and her horrid three children, Eliza, Georgiana, and John. Mrs. Reed makes

Critique of Picasso at the Lapin Agile Free Essays

Mr.. Vase Critique of Picasso at the Lapin Agile Written by Steve Martin and directed by Brine Lang, Picasso at the Lapin Agile is a play located at the Lapin Agile, in Paris. We will write a custom essay sample on Critique of Picasso at the Lapin Agile or any similar topic only for you Order Now Albert Einstein and Pablo Picasso, both young, headstrong and passionate, come together in a fictitious meeting devised in the comic mind of Steve Martin. It’s bohemian Paris, at the turn of the century and everything has fallen quiet to listen to a conversation of exquisite topics. Does art matter? Can science touch the heart? Is beauty truly in the eye of the beholder? Did Einstein and Picasso really only excel in their chosen fields in order to get girls? With a little help from a mysterious, visitor from the future (based on order of appearance) these topics get debated in one of the best possible environments, the bar of the â€Å"scurrying rabbit†. Steve Martins sense of humor is very immense in size, based on the bars name. By calling it the Lapin Agile (meaning scurrying rabbit) Martin is foreshadowing an unattainable theme to his play. He has a great sense of humor by calling it this and is very organized throughout the play, by placing hints all throughout the play, about he message of his play. Freddy is the bar tender of the Lapin Agile and is set on stage directions. When Einstein walks in, he realizes something was off and he points out later that, â€Å"In order of appearance. You’re not third. You’re fourth (11)†. By breaking that third wall between the audience and the play, Martin makes a very humorous act and allows one of his characters to use the play pamphlet to site the location of the casts’ order of appearance. With his successful attempt to achieve humor by breaking the wall between the audience and the actors, Martin can be understood to be triumphant at his attempts to create humor. Then, after Freddy citation to the cast in order of appearance, that wall between the actors and audience is set back in place. This is some funny stuff. When Einstein walked in, he spoke of meeting a woman, but he never told her the place where they were going to meet. This was Einstein theory that everything happens as an accident and that if something is bound to happen, it will no matter the place or the time. I happen to disagree with the statement because of the face that the world is big and time passes no matter what we are doing. It’s hard to Just run into someone who you want to meet, without having a plan first. People these days are busy and they are not always where we think we are. As the play progresses, Germane, a waitress and Freddy girlfriend, speaks about two pieces of work being of the same value. This is a great point that Martin brings forth in his play. But expressing his feelings about how two pieces of work can be seen as one, it makes me thing of two things that are similar in genera, but different in style. I could only think of music. There are many different love songs out their and they are all pertaining to different kinds of people. But on the other hand, you have many songs that are popular. Is it popularity that is the decision maker in our minds or is it something else? This question is something martin brings forth a lot. Martin has a way of telling Jokes that I have never heard before. When the part comes about the foretelling of the future, Freddy and Germane predict some futuristic creations that they believe to lay ahead. Germane makes some precise predictions that have come true, but the people around her make fun of her and tell her that her thoughts are not real. On the other hand, Freddy makes some predictions such as cloths being made of wax and the French being the almighty rower of Europe, and he is seen as the sane one. Martin is trying to point out that no matter how crazy the idea, it might come true because Germany’s theory was seen as a crazy one, yet it came true. It makes me thing of what out future will hold!!! Will there be a possibility of Jet pack and robotic houses that clean them selves? Germany’s ideas were crazy for her time and mine are the same, one never knows if their futuristic predictions will come true. Not only is martin good at making Jokes, he is good at conveying theories, through pieces of work that one would never believe had a deeper meaning than the surface crust. When Einstein and Picasso are having an argument between them about science and say they don’t have the same meaning, martin is trying to express his feelings by say that both science and art are connected directly. You have to be an artist to be able to think of the vast universe and there is a science behind drawing a face. It’s hard to believe that if you’re good at science then you should be good at art as well and vice-a-versa. I still can’t color for s*% even though I am good at science, I don’t know how that works out! Later on in the play, Freddy tells a Joke that no one understands. Einstein tryst to interpret the Joke using, his talented scientific thinking, to the others, but many people still chose to choose their thoughts about it. This brings to me another idea that martin is trying to convey. He is saying that surrealism is interpreted differently to different people and no one answer is correct to a complex surreal question. It’s based on the persons understanding to the concept and past experience with the topic on hand. So to me the Joke doesn’t make any sense and I would replace the letter â€Å"e† with the letter â€Å"O† because pies are supposed to be circular and BIG. Later Freddy and Einstein have a debate about an â€Å"icebox† laughter. Based on their discussion, a laugh can happen at anytime. It could be that one didn’t understand the Joke or moment and decided that it wasn’t funny. Then later on, that person laughs about the topic and sometimes it happens without thought and wonder what it is you were laughing about. That has happens to me a lot of times. Later on in the play, another very funny aspect to martins play is his perception of Picasso as being a womanlier. Germany’s assessment of the word womanlier very well fits Picasso’ character. Being a profound painter of the twentieth century, Picasso has his hands on many women, of different characteristics. He can have as many as he wants, whenever he wants, which is why Germany’s remark of Picasso as being a womanlier is a correct one. I would have said that he is the kind of guy who can be described by the phrase, â€Å"hit-it-and-quit-it†. This man, is one of those who takes women for granted and will do one when he wants, Just to satisfy his lust and will forget about her the next day. What a guy. In my opinion, women should be cherished. They are better to deal with when they’re happy, which meaner you have to do less work to please them and they will make you happy as well. On the other hand, if one is to take advantage of women, then they will lose their trust and may lose them forever. That is something that I would never want to happen. As the play continues martin introduces many new ideas of his, one being the idea of how beautiful love is. Picasso says he â€Å"would give it all up if [he] could sing songs about love. No more paints or more brushes†¦ Just the moonlight, the June light, and you† (66). By being able to sing, people have the ability to touch your souls. They sing a song that are related to the public and that’s how they touch people. Another season why Picasso might want to become a singer, if he could, is because it makes people dance, enjoy them selves, and sing to the beat. Best of all, it captures a lot more attention than paintings and more people can relate to song, rather than paintings. A moment of perfection is something that everyone wants to feel, a time when everything feels like its perfect and that nothing can make you feel bad. Picasso had his moment of perfection, when he saw the painting that was revealed by the visitor. The painting made him have a moment of perfection, where nothing else mattered but the painting. Hard to know when its happened till its over† (72). Moments of perfection are times when you feel like you would do anything to stay and be with the person you’re with or to continue a special task of yours, will it satisfies your mind. At the end of the play they are all giving a toast to the new century and Germane stays with Freddy. It’s funny how martin leaves Germane with Freddy and doesn’t hook her up with Picasso. I guess he is trying to convey the way we should treat women again. He first states this in Germany’s comment of Picasso as being a womanlier. By leaving Freddy and Germane together, martin is conveying the Hough that you don’t have to be a rich famous person to be with someone, you Just have to be gentle and considerate. He also tries to get across the thought that we shouldn’t treat women any different than we treat ourselves. WOW, what a message! Only a guy like Steve Martin would be able to present such a complex misunderstanding in real terms, with a comical piece of literature. For a guy who used to make a living with fake arrows through his head, a great play. The complex idea within the simple short play is a great way to catch the publics’ eyes and attention. Great Job STEVE! How to cite Critique of Picasso at the Lapin Agile, Papers

Business - Society and the Planet Nike

Question: Write about theBusiness, Society and the Planet for Nike. Answer: Companies Description The two companies shall be Nike and Coca-cola Australia. Nike is a company founded by Philip Knight, a University of Oregon track athlete and Bowerman William in 1964. The firm operated as a distributor for Onitsuka Tiger, a Japanese shoemaker before opening up its business. The firm serves as the largest seller of athletic footwear and apparels in the world with outlets in several countries across the world (Nike, 2015). The firms headquarter in Oregon in the United States. The firm enters into contracts with different shops worldwide with 45 offices in the world while managing factories in Indonesia, China, Pakistan, and India among other nations world (Nike, 2015). Besides, the firm has a long history of its operations where the cries on child labor and a poor environment in its factories gave the path towards social responsibility activities of the firm. The issues led to the establishment of the code of conduct to stop the negative brand image created by their products and firm (Flammer, 2015). The core vision of the firm through its corporate social responsibility is to bring people, planets, and profits into balance for lasting success. Nike is an international firm with a local presence that deals with the production and sale of shoes and other sports apparels. The firm engages in efforts towards minimizing environmental footprint by focusing on energy, water, and proper waste disposal in its supply chain and enhance sustainable use (Korschun, Bhattacharya Swain, 2014). On the other hand, it strives to transform its manufacturing plant to include new technology that produces little or reduced harm to the environment and entering into a partnership with factories that meet the required environmental status of the society world (Nike, 2015). In responding to the human potential, the firm aims to encourage and invest in economic empowerment to individuals in areas of operation. The firm has several activities that it focuses on in its social responsibility efforts. For instance, the firm acts positively within its production to minimize the impacts of the ingredients used in production by encouraging product recycling. Besides, as a firm in the production department, the social responsibilities provide evidence towards climate stability as the firm engages in policies and advocacy programs aimed at reducing the effects it causes through the factory emissions to the environment world (Nike, 2015). Moreover, the firm uses a lot of water in production, and in this case, acts positively towards cleaning its water after use and discharging clean water to communities. In this respect, the firm engages in cleaning activities and efforts to preserve their water sources through direct funding and tree planting activities along water catchment areas world (Nike, 2015). To the communities, the firm strives to create a sustainable value chain that meets the needs of the people in the society. In this respect, the firm carries out activities related to promotion of education to counter the earlier negative image on its use of child labor. In this respect, it challenges and empowers athletes to join its efforts towards sustainable living. On the other hand, Coca-cola is a multinational company operating in Australia and other several countries, but the plant in Australia remains socially responsible to the environment as it engages in several activities that promote the same. Besides, the firm has a well-documented report that it releases on a two-year basis concerning the corporate social responsibilities it does to the people (Coca-Cola, 2017). The firm contributes immensely to the socio-economic development of the locals by identifying the firm in several ongoing games where they act as sponsors to the main events and contribute towards the sustainability of individuals through health promotion exercises among individuals (Snider, Hill Martin, 2003). Therefore, the firm focuses mostly on the social aspect of giving by assisting the people in the areas of operation through different activities. The activities include participation in schools building, purchase of bicycles for the needy students, and empowering women in business by funding and opening up shops for them to do business and prosper economically (Coca-Cola, 2017). At the same time, the firm, being in the food and beverage division participates in activities that promote the conservation of water and other resources that act positively to the environment sustainability. In this respect, the company covers diverse aspects of the economy by building the society through empowering individuals and participating in social activities such as games to promote the social dimensions of the society (Coca-Cola, 2017). Funding and promoting education goes in line with social giving as the firm empowers individuals from the low social classes and uplifts their ability to reach schools by donating bicycles to them and in the process promotes their health through exercising as they cycle daily to school and back home. The social report for the firm satisfies a certain percentage of responsibility that the firm engages in based on the sector it is involved. Differences Between the Companies The firms have differing social responsibilities to the society depending on the sector of operation and the effect the business causes to individuals living in the areas of operation. Therefore, the issues tackled in the society differ according to the industry that the two firms are involved in. In the case of Nike, the firm spends its efforts in the creation of proper working environment and employs the people living in the areas of development to in-cooperate them in the daily activities of the firm. The act responds positively to the attribute of social benefits by having the locals work in diverse sectors of the firm depending on their level of qualification for a particular task (Servaes, Tamayo, 2013). Altogether, they answer the challenges in its previous case of child employment in factories by the contractors thus the need to clean its image. The firm concentrates on environmental upgrade as its core business revolves around production that significantly uses part of the resources such as water from the environment. In this respect, the business has to work on the issues of production through research and development towards the use of technology in production for sustainable living (Kleine, 2014). Besides, the firm supports education ventures to the people residing nearby by building schools and supporting students to the higher levels of study and further have them absorbed into the production in the firm through employment (Nike 2015). Environmental issues such as pollution emanating from their working environments affect the air quality as well as the water quality of individuals. In this case, it protects the employees working within their environment by providing all the required gadgets to prevent workplace injuries and health related issues. On the other hand, Coca-cola is a firm that concentrates on the food and beverage sector with significant differences and impacts to the people in the environment where they work. The firm bases its corporate social responsibilities towards activities that promote its market presence and brand recognition (Saeidi, Sofian, Saeidi, Saeidi, Saaeidi, 2015). Apart from the little pollution effect in the environment through the processing plant, the firm has no other environmental effect that calls for social responsibility. In this respect, the company participates in events that promote social being such as games and in the process benefits from brand recognition in the process of discharging its social responsibility (Coca-Cola, 2017). Besides, it differs with the other company in the social responsibility expressed through its activity of offering bicycles to the students for educational purposes. Therefore, the main differences between the two companies revolve around the fact that one base on the activities that promote its market while the other focuses on the aspects that align its operations to good practice in the society and specifically to the environment. Explanation for the Differences The differences in the two companies can be explained by their diverse nature of operations and the demands that the society has on them based on the adverse effects of the firm to the environment and the individual lives of people in the surrounding areas. In Australia, the government policies are stricter towards social responsibility activities to businesses in the manufacturing divisions. According to Rao and Tilt, (2016) such decision base on the fact that they engage in significant damage to the environment through pollution that not only affects the climate but also causes significant pollution to noise and water used by the people living in the areas. At the same time, the individuals working in the production factories face serious effects on their health thus calling for a preferential treat for those in the manufacturing environments (Samsi, 2014). The production industry entails a lot of work where remuneration and worker handling issues vary thereby creating a concern for social responsibility. In this case, there exist serious differences in the manner in which their social responsibilities touch on the people aspect in the working environment. Coca Cola as a firm, participates in activities that promote good health lifestyles and economic empowerment towards creating a good name for the individual firm. The firm engages in fewer activities that affect the environment and do not cause serious human rights violation issues. The fact justifies the less intensive social corporate initiatives that the firm considers in its operation (Mialon, Swinburn, Allender Sacks, 2016). The issue serves as the primary difference between the two environments where the first works in the food and beverage sector with little production effects to the environment as opposed to the one dealing in the manufacturing industry (Snider, Hill, Martin, 2003). On the other hand, the matching activities exist due to the similarity in the industry where they operate in as they both get involved in the manufacturing of products despite the level of production offered by both parties. Quality of Social Accounting Approach The observation from the two firms demonstrates a partial adherence to the eight criteria recommended by Zadek towards social accounting approach. The firms have a differing level under which they meet the social accounting criteria. In the case of Nike, the comparability, completeness, information disclosure, management policies, and continuous improvement categories have been fulfilled. The report is intensive and carries a comparison to the issues addressed in the previous years. At the same time, the firm publishes its social reports on the internet and other areas of its operations thus satisfying the open nature of the firm (ACCR, 2017). The continuous improvement is evident in the manner the firm concentrates on environment upgrade and water issues as well as those of human right by recording the progress on each aspect. Further, the report records of the management policies in support of the existence of social events. However, the firm falls short of satisfying the criteria of external verification, inclusivity, and evolution as it lacks a reference to other sources certifying the issues spelled out. In the case of Coca-Cola, several issues according to the criteria remain in place. The information flow demonstrates continuous improvement and external verification and inclusivity. Besides, the firm through its social events improves the verification ability as the events are recorded in other media focuses on social responsibilities for firms (Kytle, B., Ruggie, 2005). The reports on the firms social activities are clear and open to public scrutiny where the contacts and location of the events can be verified. Therefore, it is evident that this firm conforms to most of the criteria associated with Zadek concerning social accountability. Reflection of the Reports on the Values of the Companies The social reports of the firms reflect their vision based on the activities done and the open nature of the report to public scrutiny. Coca-Colas core values commit to delivery of the highest standards for products enjoyed by the customers through services and products delivered by the firm. In this respect, the firm uses the social responsibility to influence more market for its commodity which ends up in consumption of the products. Therefore, the social responsibility affects the well-being of the company as it acts positively towards experiencing the service of the firm. On the other hand, Nikes core values surround the practice of bringing people, planet, and profits into balance for lasting success. The activities undertaken by the firm ensure the sustainability of the environment as well as those of the people living in it. There is a significant conformity to its core value of responsible production in line with the events the firm engages in. Integrity and accountability in the firm through information disclosure guarantees the success of the organization and conformity to the legislations. Therefore, there exist a relation between the firm and the activities it engages in to respond to the challenges it poses to the environment. Despite the degree of reflection, both companies strive to act responsibly to the environment. Reflection on Groups Discussion The social responsibility issues discussed in the paper emanated from the group and focused on the course development touching on Zadeks social accountability criteria. The reports were significant as they met part of the requirements stipulated in the social responsibility criteria. In this case, the companies chosen were essential to the topic of study as they depicted different issues linked to the aspect of corporate social responsibility. We agreed on the common reasoning of the difference in sectors and the way they impact the level at which firms meet their corporate social responsibility. References ACCR. (2017).What ACCR does.Australasian Centre for Corporate Responsibility. Retrieved 2 May 2017, from https://www.accr.org.au/what Coca-Cola. (2017). Corporate Social Responsibility. Retrieved from https://www.coca-colacompany.com/sustainability Flammer, C. (2015). Does product market competition foster corporate social responsibility? Evidence from trade liberalization.Strategic Management Journal,36(10), 1469-1485. Kleine, D. (2014). Corporate social responsibility and development.The Companion to Development Studies,7(1), 195. Korschun, D., Bhattacharya, C. B., Swain, S. D. (2014). Corporate social responsibility, customer orientation, and the job performance of frontline employees.Journal of Marketing,78(3), 20-37. Kytle, B., Ruggie, J. G. (2005). Corporate social responsibility as risk management: A model for multinationals. Mialon, M., Swinburn, B., Allender, S., Sacks, G. (2016). Systematic examination of publicly-available information reveals the diverse and extensive corporate political activity of the food industry in Australia.BMC public health,16(1), 283. Moon, J. (2014).Corporate social responsibility: A very short introduction. OUP Oxford. Nike. (2015). Corporate social responsibility. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=15cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwj83MSM9fTAhVLkRQKHTowB6EQFgh8MA4url=http%3A%2F%2Fs3.amazonaws.com%2Fnikeinc%2Fassets%2F34524%2FNike_FY04_CR_report_original.pdf%3F1413902837usg=AFQjCNGYhoQ5xbXWOKAixSs3anEK7rqzfAsig2=-QUVDwA5Pyr1FOf15Midag Rao, K., Tilt, C. (2016). Board diversity and CSR reporting: an Australian study.Meditari Accountancy Research,24(2), 182-210. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/medar-08-2015-0052 Saeidi, S. P., Sofian, S., Saeidi, P., Saeidi, S. P., Saaeidi, S. A. (2015). How does corporate social responsibility contribute to firm financial performance? The mediating role of competitive advantage, reputation, and customer satisfaction.Journal of Business Research,68(2), 341-350. Samsi, H. (2014). The effect of corporate governance on the relationship between corporate social responsibility disclosure and corporate value.The Indonesian Accounting Review,4(01), 1. https://dx.doi.org/10.14414/tiar.v4i01.279 Servaes, H., Tamayo, A. (2013). The impact of corporate social responsibility on firm value: The role of customer awareness.Management Science,59(5), 1045-1061. Shabana, K., Ravlin, E. (2016). Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting as Substantive and Symbolic Behaviour: A Multilevel Theoretical Analysis.Business and Society Review,121(2), 297-327. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/basr.12089 Snider, J., Hill, R. P., Martin, D. (2003). Corporate social responsibility in the 21st century: A view from the world's most successful firms.Journal of Business ethics,48(2), 175-187. Snider, J., Hill, R. P., Martin, D. (2003). Corporate social responsibility in the 21st century: A view from the world's most successful firms.Journal of Business ethics,48(2), 175-187.